عصر الاضمحلال الثالث
~1069 – ~664 v. Chr.Dynastien 21–25
0 chapters · 0 min read · 141 sources
Quellen zu diesem Kapitel (141)Akademisch24Institution8Fachbuch84Seriöse Website25
Akademisch(24)
- Hubschmann · Searching for the 'Archaeogically Invisible': Libyans in Dakhleh Oasis in the Third Intermediate Period · American Research Center in Egypt · 2010
- García · Elusive "Libyans": Identities, Lifestyles and Mobile Populations in NE Africa (late 4th–early 2nd millennium BCE) · Brill · 2018
- Centuries of Darkness: Context, Methodology and Implications [Review Feature] · Cambridge Archaeological Journal · 1991
- Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt Vol. 46(2010) · American Research Center in Egypt · 2010
- Journal of Egyptian History 11 (2018) · Brill · 2018
- Dive beneath the pyramids of Sudan's black pharaohs · National Geographic · 2019
- Critique of the "Black Pharaohs" Theme: Racist Perspectives of Egyptian and Kushite/Nubian Interactions in Popular Media · African Archaeological Review · 2021
- Royal Iconography and Dynastic Change, 750-525 BC: The Blue and Cap Crowns · The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology · 1992
- Payraudeau · Retour sur la succession Shabaqo-Shabataqo · Nehet · 2014
- Broekman · Genealogical considerations regarding the kings of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty in Egypt · Göttinger Miszellen · 2017
- Kahn · The Inscription of Sargon II at Tang-i Var and the Chronology of Dynasty 25 · Orientalia · 2001
- Sidebotham · Newly Discovered Sites in the Eastern Desert · Journal of Egyptian Archaeology · 2002
- Dunham · Notes on the History of Kush 850 BC – A.D. 350 · American Journal of Archaeology · 1946
- Reisner · Discovery of the Tombs of the Egyptian XXVth Dynasty · Sudan Notes and Records · 1919
- Kuckertz · Meroe and Egypt · UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology · 2021
- Spalinger · Esarhaddon and Egypt: An Analysis of the First Invasion of Egypt · Orientalia · 1974
- The Kingdom of Kush: An African Centre on the Periphery of the Bronze Age World System · Norwegian Archaeological Review · 2009
- Charles Bonnet: The Black Kingdom of the Nile · African Archaeological Review · 2022
- Dental morphological affinities of Late Pleistocene through recent sub-Saharan and North African peoples · Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris · 1998
- Rilly, Claude · The Linguistic Position of Meroitic · Sudan Electronic Journal of Archaeology and Anthropology · 2004
- Armelagos, George · Take Two Beers and Call Me in 1,600 Years: Use of Tetracycline by Nubians and Ancient Egyptians · Natural History · 2000
- Roach · Antibiotic Beer Gave Ancient Africans Health Buzz · National Geographic · 2005
- Depuydt · Gnomons at Meroë and Early Trigonometry · The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology · 1998
- Iron Smelting in Sudan: Experimental Archaeology at The Royal City of Meroe · Journal of Field Archaeology · 2018
Institution(8)
- Kerma and the royal cache
- Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa · Museum of Fine Arts · 1992
- Wall panel; relief British Museum
- The Kingdom of Kush · British Museum Press · 1996
- Kushite Kingdom | The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
- Ancient Nubia: A-Group 3800–3100 BC · The University of Chicago
- Meroitic script · University College London · 2002
- Welsby · The Kingdom of Kush: the Napatan and Meroitic empires · Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Press · 1996
Fachbuch(84)
- Schneider · Historiographie in der Antike · Walter de Gruyter · 2008
- Bonnet · The Nubian Pharaohs · The American University in Cairo Press · 2006
- Diop · The African Origin of Civilization · Lawrence Hill Books · 1974
- Emberling · Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa · Institute for the Study of the Ancient World · 2011
- Mokhtar · General History of Africa · University of California Press · 1990
- Silverman · Ancient Egypt · Oxford University Press · 1997
- Shillington · History of Africa · Macmillan Education · 2005
- The Libyan Anarchy: Inscriptions from Egypt's Third Intermediate Period · Society of Biblical Literature · 2009
- Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC II (858-745 BC) (RIMA 3) · 1996
- Allioui · Histoire d'amour de Sheshonq 1er, roi berbère et pharaon d'Égypte · Harmattan · 2013
- Morkot · The black pharaohs : Egypt's Nubian rulers · Rubicon Press · 2000
- The African Experience: From Olduvai Gorge to the 21st Century · Routledge · 2018
- An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt · John Wiley & Sons · 2015
- Török · The Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization · BRILL · 1998
- Heinrich · A history of Egypt under the Pharaohs · John Murray London · 1902
- Breasted · A History of Egypt from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest · Charles Scribner's Sons · 1924
- Drioton · Drioton, E; Vandier, J – Les Peuples de l'Orient Méditerranéen II L' Egypte · Paris: Presses universitaires de France · 1962
- Assmann · The mind of Egypt: history and meaning in the time of the Pharaohs · Harvard University Press · 2003
- Wenig · The origin of the Napatan state: El Kurru and the evidence for the royal ancestors. In Studien zum antiken Sudan: Akten der 7. Internationalen Tagung für meroitische Forschungen vom 14. bis 19. September 1992 in Gosen/bei Berlin · Harrassowitz; Bilingual edition · 1999
- Herodotus · The Histories · Penguin Books · 2003
- Ancient Egyptian Literature: A Book of Readings · University of California Press · 1980
- Wenig · Studien Zum Antiken Sudan: Akten Der 7. Internationalen Tagung Für Meroitische Forschungen Vom 14. Bis 19. September 1992 in Gosen/bei Berlin · Otto Harrassowitz Verlag · 1999
- The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt · Penguin · 1981
- Daily Life of the Nubians · Greenwood Publishing Group · 2004
- The Rescue of Jerusalem · Soho Press, Inc. · 2002
- Roux · Ancient Iraq · Penguin · 1992
- Pre-Colonial Africa: Her Civilisations and Foreign Contacts · Southern Book Publishers · 1989
- Jebel Barkal Guide
- The Ancient World · Routledge · 2015
- Taking Sides: Clashing Views in World History, Volume 1: The Ancient World to the Pre-Modern Era, Expanded · McGraw-Hill Education · 2009
- Kolb · Making Sense of Monuments: Narratives of Time, Movement, and Scale · Routledge · 2019
- Morkot · The Black Pharaohs, Egypt's Nubian Rulers · Rubicon Press · 2000
- Munro-Hay · Aksum: An African Civilisation of Late Antiquity · Edinburgh University Press · 1991
- Handbook of Ancient Nubia · De Gruyter · 2019
- The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged · Houghton Mifflin Harcourt · 2001
- Goldenberg · The Curse of Ham: Race and Slavery in Early Judaism, Christianity, and Islam · Princeton University Press · 2005
- Allen · The Ancient Egyptian Language: An Historical Study · Cambridge University Press · 2013
- Le Proche-Orient et l'Égypte antiques · Hachette Éducation · 2012
- Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara: Volume 1: The Archaeology of Nabta Playa · Springer Science & Business Media · 2013
- Wilkinson · Writings from Ancient Egypt · Penguin Classics · 2016
- The Nubian Past · Routledge · 2004
- A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire · BRILL · 1989
- Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India · Motilal Banarsidass · 1971
- Festus Ugboaja Ohaegbulam · Towards an understanding of the African experience from historical and contemporary perspectives · University Press of America · 1990
- The Fortunes of Africa · Public Affairs · 2014
- History of Africa · Palgrave Macmillan · 2012
- Jackson, Robert B. · At Empire's Edge: Exploring Rome's Egyptian Frontier · Yale University Press · 2002
- Rilly, Claude · The Meroitic Language and Writing System · Cambridge University Press · 2012
- Rilly · UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology · UCLA · 2016
- History of Writing · Reaktion Books · 2004
- Ki-Zerbo, J. · Ancient civilizations of Africa · Unesco. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa · 1981
- A History of Sub-Saharan Africa · Cambridge University Press · 2007
- Edwards · The Nubian Past: An Archaeology of the Sudan · Taylor & Francis · 2004
- Neugebauer · A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy · Springer Science & Business Media · 2004
- Dodson · Monarchs of the nile · American Univ. in Cairo Press · 1996
- Nicolle · Rome's enemies. · Osprey · 1991
- Bianchi · Daily Life of the Nubians · Greenwood · 2004
- Emberling · The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East · Oxford University · 2023
- Edwards, David N. · The Nubian Past · Routledge · 2004
- Edwards · La Pioche et La Plume (Hommages Archéologiques à Patrice Lenoble) · 2011
- Edwards · The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology · Oxford University · 2013
- Edwards · Handbook of Ancient Nubia · De Gruyter · 2019
- el-Tayeb · The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia · Oxford University · 2020
- Ancient Nubia: African Kingdoms on the Nile · The American University in Cairo Press · 2012
- Hatke · Aksum and Nubia. Warfare, Commerce, and Political Fictions in Ancient Northeast Africa · New York University · 2013
- Hintze · Kush: Journal of the Sudan Antiquities Service · The Service · 1963
- Kendall · Studien Zum Antiken Sudan Akten Der 7. Internationalen Tagung Für Meroitische Forschungen Vom 14. Bis 19. September 1992 in Gosen/bei Berlin · Harrassowitz · 1999
- Leclant, Jean · The empire of Kush: Napata and Meroe · UNESCO · 2004
- Rilly · Between the Cataracts: Proceedings of the 11th Conference of Nubian Studies, Warsaw, 27 August – 2 September 2006. Part One · PAM · 2008
- Rilly · Handbook of Ancient Nubia · De Gruyter
- Sakamoto · The Star Who Appears in Thebes. Studies in Honour of Jiro Kondo · Abercromby · 2022
- Oliver, Roland · The Cambridge History of Africa Volume 3 1050 – c. 1600 · Cambridge University Press · 1975
- Oliver, Roland · The Cambridge history of Africa. Vol. 2, From c. 500 BC to AD 1050 · Cambridge University Press · 1978
- Shillington, Kevin · Encyclopedia of African History, Vol. 1 · Routledge · 2004
- Török · Handbook of Oriental Studies · Brill · 1997
- Török · Between Two Worlds. The Frontier Region between Ancient Nubia and Egypt 3700 BC – AD 500 · Brill · 2009
- Williams · The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia · Oxford University · 2020
- Baud · Méroé. Un empire sur le Nil · Officina Libraria · 2010
- Breyer · Einführung in die Meroitistik · Lit · 2014
- Breyer · Napata und Meroë. Kulturgeschichte eines nubischen Reiches · Kohlhammer · 2022
- Lenoble · El-Hobagi: Une necropole de rang imperial au Soudan central · Institut Francais D'archeologie Orientale · 2018
- Pope · The Double Kingdom Under Taharqa · Brill · 2014
- The Nubian Pharaohs · The American University in Cairo Press · 2006
- Yvanes · Dynamics and Organisation of Textile Production in Past Societies in Europe and the Mediterranean · 2018
Seriöse Website(25)
- Is Egyptian Chronology Wrong? Analyzing David Rohl’s Theory · 2026
- Nubia | Definition, History, Map, & Facts
- King Piye and the Kushite control of Egypt
- Ideas about "Race" in Nile Valley Histories: A Consideration of "Racial" Paradigms in Recent Presentations on Nile Valley Africa, from "Black Pharaohs" to Mummy Genomest · 2022
- Kushite Religion
- The Kingdoms of Kush · 2018
- GENESIS 10:10 KJV "And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar."
- PSALMS CHAPTER 7 KJV
- Late Neolithic megalithic structures at Nabta Playa (Sahara), southwestern Egypt · Comparative Archaeology Web · 2000
- Gatto · The A-Group and 4th Millennium BCE Nubia · 2021
- Kerma
- Features - A Nubian Kingdom Rises - Archaeology Magazine - September/October 2020
- Jebal Barkal: History and Archaeology of Ancient Napata
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Barkal [Jebel Barkal]. Nördliche Pyramidengruppe. Pyr. 15: a. Nordwand; b. Westwand., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Dynastie XXV, 3. Barkal [Jebel Barkal]. Grosser Felsentempel, Ostwand der Vorhalle., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- BBC World Service – The Story of Africa
- Slayman · Neolithic Skywatchers · 1998
- Siege warfare in ancient Egypt · Tour Egypt
- Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Begerauîeh [Begrawiya]. Pyramidengruppe A. Pyr. 9. Südwand., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Begerauîeh [Begrawiya]. Pyramidengruppe A. Pyr. 15. Pylon., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Naga [Naqa]. Tempel a. Vorderseite des Pylons., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Begerauîeh [Begrawiya]. Pyramidengruppe A. Pyr. 31. Pylon., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- Digital Collections, The New York Public Library · (still image) Aethiopen. Begerauîeh [Begrawiya]. Pyramidengruppe A. Pyr. 14. Westwand., (1849–1856) · The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
- David N. Edwards, "Meroe and the Sudanic Kingdoms", "Journal of African History" (UK). Vol. 39 No. 2 (1998), pp 175–193
Jedes antike Datum ist eine Schätzung. Fachchronologien weichen um Jahrzehnte voneinander ab, und umso mehr, je weiter man zurückgeht — daher die Tilde vor jeder Zahl.